Resumo

VARGAS, Marco R.  e  CHIPANA R., René. Control of low temperatures by solid set sprinkler irrigation in central Bolivian highlands. RIIARn [online]. 2015, vol.2, n.1, pp. 55-67. ISSN 2409-1618.

ABSTRACT In the present work, it has been evaluated the monitoring of low temperatures by sprinkler irrigation SIE (sprinkler irrigation effect) and humidity effect on the irrigated area when it is applied one day before by sprinkler irrigation EHS (effect humid soils). Therefore, twenty-two essays were performed, with an irrigation rate of 5 mm h-¹, the operation pressure of the system was 200 kPa, and the overlapping among sprinkler was 12 x 12 m². In this studied area temperature and relative humidity sensors were settled at space level and three heights over the soil level (0,1; 0,25; 0,5 and 1,0 m). In order to calculate the depth of irrigation the model proposed by Gerber and Martsolf (1979) and the approach by Campbell and Norman (1998) for radiation frost were used. The evaluations were carried out in the Patacamaya Experimental Station that is dependent of Agronomy Faculty of San Andres University. The results showed that different times exposition to frost events from 0 to 3; 3 to 6; 6 to 9 and higher than 9 hours show an increment of AT° of 1,2 °C; 1,4 to 2°C; 1,2 to 5 °C and 1,1 to 2 °C for SIE respectively. The relative humidity increased (AHR) around 12%; 7 to 26%; 16 to 35% and 18 to 32% respectively. Then, the temperature increased (AT°) for all evaluation due to sprinkler irrigation effect are from 1 to 5 °C and the relative humidity increased are from 7 to 35%. In addition, the temperature increased for the EHS registered a range from 0,7 to 1,1 °C and for AHR was from 12to 18%.

Palavras-chave : Sprinkler irrigation; Frost protection; Air temperature; Microclimate; Bolivian Altiplano.