Resumen

CONDORI CHOQUE, Genaro. Caracterización bromatológica de especies forrajeras nativas (pastos y arbustos) de la ecoregión del altiplano, esenciales en la alimentación de los camélidos. Info INIAF [online]. 2014, vol.1, n.4, pp. 68-80. ISSN 2308-250X.

Was realized the bromatológical characterization of samples of native species (grasses and shurbs) in five regions of the Altiplane, the variables analyzed were: dry (% MS), crude protein (% PB) crude PB), crude fiber (%FC) ether extract (%EE), energy, detergent fiber neutral (%NDF) and acid detergent fiber (%ADF). The statistical analysis used was principal components analysis (PCA) and the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Correlation analysis showed that the species that have high values of %MS, show high %FC % NDF and %FDA. The species that have high values %PB shows high %Cz. Inversely proportional correlations indicate that higher value %PB lower value %FC, % NDF and %ADF. The biggest positive contribution to the first principal component (PC1) variables are % FC, FDA % and %NDF and with an opposite contribution %EE and energy. The biggest contribution to the CP2 variable are %PB and %Cz and in a way opposite the variable %MS and energy. The HC analysis differed 6 Classes, Class 1 brings together species that contain high %EE and energy and are: B. incarum, P. lepidophylla, P. quadrangularis and L. Castellani. Class 3, gathers the species that have an intermediate level of fiber, crude protein, % FDA and % NDF, and brings together A. pinnata, P. tubulosa, O. andina, A. spinosissima and A. melanthes. Species with high PB %are T. pascana and D. muscoides, and belong to the Class 5. The more fibrous species belong to the Class 6, represented by D. vicunarum, Stipa obtusa, F. rigescens, Festuca sp., F. orthophylla and S. ichu. In conclusion the species that have promising quality of nutrients for feeding camelids belong, to the Class 3.

Palabras llave : Characterization; Bromatological; Grasses and shrubs natives; Principal components; Hierarchical cluster.