Resumen

QUISPE LAURA, María Gabriela. Espina Bifida. Rev. Act. Clin. Med [online]. 2014, vol.45, pp. 2389-2393. ISSN 2304-3768.

ABSTRACT Spina bifida or myelodysplasia is an anomaly of multifactorial origin, often congenital, occurring between the third and fourth week of embryonic development and is produced by the partial closure of the neural folds and poor fusion of the vertebral arches This anomaly is sorted according to the state of having gravity in spina bifida occulta, spina bifida cystica and rachischisis, which generally come to affect the central nervous system, causing neurological problems only the last two. The exact etiopathogenic factor is unknown but is presumed to folic acid deficiency and exposure to X-rays during pregnancy are the main agents predisposing to this embryological disorder, so it should be avoided in this period of life. Treatment depends on the severity of the injury, recourse being had to surgical repair in most of the time. However, the commitment of adjacent tissues can lead to delayed decision or surgical complications as this act is performed, so that the analysis of each case and should be particularly careful when making therapeutic decisions.

Palabras llave : Spina bifida; Nervous  neurales; Sistema folds; Congenital; Rachischisis; Mielomengocele; Meningocele; Mieloquisis.