Resumo

TOOLA CUPPI  , Juan Luis  . Historia de la Microbiología. Rev. Act. Clin. Med [online]. 2014, vol.44, pp. 2304-2308. ISSN 2304-3768.

ABSTRACT Microbiology as an essential part of medicine, has clarified many hypotheses and questions that arose in antiquity on the origin and nature of disease, same as for a time were attributed only to the theory of divine punishment, so entering a period of empiricism and speculation, considering the spontaneous theory was not discarded until before 1546 , a time when Jerome Fracastorius publishes first book called "From contagionibus et contagionis morbis et curium curatione " , which postulates that the main cause of disease was due to the presence of living particles that pass the sick to the well , thus describing the shape of disease transmission . Already by 1590 this theory gains strength with the construction of the first microscope at the hands of the Jensen brothers ; 1695 years later , Antony Van Leeuwenhoek discloses observed the first microorganisms to man, naming them as animalcules , this way giving rise to a series of studies conducted in the first instance by Spallanzani in 1729 . Subsequently Agostino Bassi, in 1938 the first microorganism identified as Botrytis basicae naming fungus responsible for the production of the silkworm muscardine.

Palavras-chave : Microbiology; Microbiology in Bolivia; Koch's postulates; Asepsis; Antisepsis; Pasteurization.