Resumen

TABOADA BELMONTE, Cristal  y  CALLISAYA CATARI, Juan Cesar. Evaluation of the influence of anthropic activity on the management of the Peñas Bofedal, Northern Altiplano. CienciAgro [online]. 2019, vol.9, n.1, pp. 10-18. ISSN 2072-1404.

ABSTRACT The bofedales are natural wet habitats with permanent water fed from different sources such as springs, meltwater, rivers and rains, they play an important role in feeding cattle and sheep; they are a food reserve during the dry season. Anthropic activity on these resources could cause undesired effects such as the reduction of grazing areas, affecting the income of the family production unit. This research was carried out in the Community of San Calixto "Suriquiña" with an approximate area of 286.82 hectares of bofedal; in the Los Andes province of the Batallas municipality of the La Paz department. The objective was to evaluate the influence on anthropic activity in the management of the Peñas bofedal in the Northern Altiplano region. The limits and sampling points were determined through the use of geographic information systems (GIS). With the data obtained from the study area, the variables for the study were deductively focused. These were: bofedal surface, vegetation cover (1997-2009), degree of compaction, anthropic activities, agricul-tural activities, and floristic composition. The results have shown that the moderate, healthy and vigorous plant cover has increased by 12.25% between 1997 and 2009, it does not present compaction problems, with a floristic richness that contributes significant amounts of phytomass for livestock. For this reason, there are few families that engage in agri-cultural activity within the bofedal, most of them use it as a source for livestock feed. Likewise, producers perceive that the degradation of the bofedal due to anthropogenic activity 10 years ago was related to the deposit of solid waste and the introduction of non-native animals such as (sheep, cattle). Currently, the construction of civil works such as bridges or irrigation canals is added to these problems, producing families have parceled the bofedal without significant differences in their tenure during the last 10 years. The net family income from agricultural activity has been Bs 3 629.86 per year, to which they add Bs 3 655 that comes from other activities, making an annual net family income of Bs 7 117.30 with an opportunity cost of Bs 593.10 per family, per month, which is below the established national minimum wage. This indicates that the families of the community live in extreme poverty (with profits of Bs 3.89 a day per person).

Palabras llave : Anthropic Activity; Degree of Compaction; Bofedal; Floristic Composition; Opportunity Cost.