Resumen

MALDONADO, R.M  y  TONICO, J.C. Socio-cultural and economic characterization ofthe indigenous nations from Bolivia. CienciAgro [online]. 2014, vol.3, n.1, pp. 87-102. ISSN 2072-1404.

Recognition of Indigenous Nations that make up Latin America, its later colonization was the génesis of unprecedented mix of peoples and cultures. Bolivia has a cultural and linguistic diversity in the current State Constitution; the indigenous nations are recognized as well as their traditions and languages. Currently, in Bolivia coexists 36 indigenous nations, indigenous nations of the highlands are 3, which are in the Bolivian Andes, in the cities of La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Cochabamba, and Chuquisaca. The indigenous nations ofthe lowlands are 33, which are in the cities called Beni, Pando, Tarija and Santa Cruz. Indigenous nations and people of our country have been subjected within the colony and they were considered inferior and soulless beings were subjected to slavery where their rights were not recognized and were treated as subhuman. Claims developed by peasant indigenous peoples in seeking recognition of their rights and the defense of natural resources were important milestones that pointed the processes of state transformation. Bolivia's indigenous nations have low levéis of human development leading to extreme poverty; this situation affects the infant mortality rate (IMR) which is one ofthe highest

Palabras llave : Indigenous nations; indigenous people; peasant; poverty.