Resumen

ANGULO-VEIZAGA, W.V  y  GARCIA-APAZA, E. Baccharis incarum and fungus Arbuscular Mycorrhizal symbiotic relationship for land fallow in the Bolivian highlandRelación simbiótica de Baccharis incarum y hongos Arbuscular Mycorrhizal en parcelas en descanso en el altiplano Boliviano. CienciAgro [online]. 2014, vol.3, n.1, pp. 51-58. ISSN 2072-1404.

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi were studied from a natural soil rhizosphere of Baccharis incarum sampled from fallow plots in the Bolivian highland (Pumani community in La Paz department). In these ecosystems, farmers had developed a system of communal crop rotation which includes a land fallow that goes till 30 years. The host specie in their crown diameters, age, and fallow effects over VAM fungal diversity and colonization were analyzed. Among the genus of fungus VAM that were identified (Glomus, Gigaspora and Scutellospora) in the rhizosferic soil, the highest population in these soils was for Glomus. Density of mycorrhizal fungi was found to be strongly influenced with fallow years, although plant age, initial fallow period of the plots and fungus genus had a variable effect on the mycorrhizal colonization. Whereas land degradation produced by crops and grassing is closely regulated by this symbiotic relationship and farmers had the habit to rest the soils to restore its fertility to an agreed standard, generally among farmers such labours of land fallow are mandatory for the members of the community to continuous the agriculture works.

Palabras llave : Mycorrhiza; fallow plots; Baccharis incarum; rhizosferic soil; hyphae infection; land recuperation.