Resumen

CHILON CAMACHO, Eduardo  y  CHILON MOLINA, Jhoselyne. Compost altoandino e interacción con harina de rocas y su efecto en las plantas y la fertilidad de suelos. CienciAgro [online]. 2014, vol.3, n.1, pp. 21-38. ISSN 2072-1404.

Face the problem and challenge posed by global climate change, which is seriously affecting the productive bases, particularly to agricultural soils of the indigenous and peasant communities Andean Bolivia and South American countries, jeopardizing their food security and survival; in this context as a contribution to measures of adaptation to climate change and in the context of continuity of research on Andean and food composting to "living soil", was carried out this experimentation with organic composting with composting Andean (AC-TB2g) and flour of rocks, under an approach that involves the use of local resources and scientific research of the effects of dose and over the plants and soil mixturesselecting the most suitable for its validation and subsequent transfer to the users. The results of the first experiment in seedlings of maize (Zea mays), establish that the treatments (rocks x compost médium dose average dose flour) T8, T6 (flour rocks low dose) and T3 (low dose compost) have a greater effect on the increase of the % dry matter of seedlings of corn and intensify chemical reactions in the soil, creating short-term changes in the pH of the soil. Statistically established the composting with compost and rock flour, alone or in mixture to have a positive effect on the increase in the % dry matter of seedlings of corn, exceeding the witness. The second experiment in barley seedlings (Hordeum vulgare), verified that the highest valúes of matter occur in T6 (compost x flour rocks low dose average dose) treatments with 72,49%, T9 (compost low dose x flour rocks low dose) with 71,78%, (flour rocks high 69,82% dose) T14 and T15 (flour rocks médium dose) with 67,17%, beating the other treatments, at the same time all treatments exceeded the witness (treatment 10) who presented 57,60% dry matter. The two experiments verify the beneficial role of the microorganisms in the compost and mix with the flour of rocks, plants and the fertility of the soil, through the generation organic substances which solubilize the nutrients of flour of rocks and soil, facilitating their assimilation by plants. On the other hand the compost high Andean strengthened with rocks and aerobic liquid organic fertilizer, flour allows the effective biorrecuperación of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons, by its generation capacity of several enzymes responsible for the biorrecuperación of contaminated soil, the bioremediation process can be evaluated and controlled with a chromatographic technique adapted. These results product of several years of research, are allowing research stage to the offer of services of biorrecuperación of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons, through the company BIORECSA-BOLIVIA

Palabras llave : Compost; composting with rock flour; organic composting; soil microorganisms; bioremediation of soils; organic production; reduce drisks of climate change; adaptation to climate change.