Resumo

AUDUN, Solli. El Estado es sólo la punta del iceberg. Consideraciones teóricas sobre la crisis del Estado neoliberal y el giro a la izquierda en América Latina. Rev. Umbr. Cs. Soc. [online]. 2012, n.24, pp. 85-106. ISSN 1994-4543.

Has the Left turnprovoked a crisis ofthe neoliberalstate in Latin America? Ifthe crisis, deft-ned by electoral victories, has brought about a crisis ofthe neoliberal state, depends on how the state is conceptualized. Following Antonio Gramsci's concepts ofthe integral state and hege-mony, the state assuch represents but the tip ofthe iceberg, given that its real strength isfound in the social base on which it rests. Thus, a Gramsáan approach has at least two implications. First, it suggests that a true crisis ofneoliberalism and its state would imply a transformation ofthe state as wellas society. This implies that a crisis ofthe neoliberal state presupposes a crisis of neoliberal ideology and imaginary. Second, it rejects the common supposition that neolibe-ralisin is antithetical to the state. Although the neoliberalism hides behind the slogan laissez-faire, itfeatures a strong, judicial and antidemocratic state

Palavras-chave : Neoliberal state; left; Gramsci; ideology.