Abstract

OLIVER CORTEZ, Jonhy Cesar. Production of beans biomass (Vicia faba L.) as green fertilizer, under three sowing densities, in Cota Cota Experimental Center.. Apthapi [online]. 2017, vol.3, n.1, pp. 39-49. ISSN 0102-0304.

The symbiotic relationship of rhizobium and leguminous plants is a potential source for the utilization of atmospheric nitrogen, and beans (Vicia faba) nodulated under appropriate conditions set an average of 210 kg Nitrogen per hectare in a year. The purposes of applying green manure are maintenance and improvement ofthe physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soils. By cultivating leguminous species and applying them later as green manure, only nitrogen is added, since the other elements were extracted from the soil for its growth. In order to supply nitrogen to the soil by biological fixation, inoculation ofthe seed is necessary. Seed inoculation is more economical than any fertilization, maintains or improves soil fertility, increases yields and does not pollute soil or water. The yield of bean (Vicia faba - Copacabana Giant Variety) was evaluated in three sowing densities from April to September 2015, at the Cota Cota Experimental Center. The lowest average mínimum temperatures were recorded in june, july and august, compared to the five previous years. The results of physical - chemical analysis of soil, established that they are clay loamy texture and do not present nutrient deficiencies. Treatments with higher number of plants per hectare, reported higher biomass yields and were significantly different compared to the lower density. In the experimental units with less sowing density, although the plowing was performed a week after irrigation, there was compaction ofthe soil during weeding operations, and irrigation directed to the rows of plants. Bean green manure production costs (Vicia faba) between April and September were high, compared to the cost of purchasing manure or compost.

Keywords : Rhizobium; legumes; atmospheric nitrogen; green manure; inoculation.