Abstract

BARROS, Carlos. IMMEDIATE HISTORY: MARXISM, DEMOCRACY, AND SOCIALISM OF THE 21ST CENTURY. Rev. Fuent. Cong. [online]. 2011, vol.5, n.13, pp. 36-44. ISSN 1997-4485.

The author has updated the objectivist concept of science which applied Marx in the mid-19th century, transformed by Einstein, Heinserberg and the theory of complexity, accepting the role of subjectivity in the process of scientific knowledge; develop self-criticism begun by F. Engels on the undervaluation of the influence of the ideas, attitudes, and the "superstructure" in history, starting with the concept of class consciousness; review the "historic law" of the succession of the five modes of production (slavery, feudalism, capitalism, socialism, communism), the old theory of the proletariat as undertaker of capitalism to adapt to the new social subjects; to resume, based on the experience of ALBA, II International debate on the possibility of access to power by democratic means; and review jointly, in the light of the history, concepts Marxist revolution and reform, via peaceful socialism and revolutionary violence.

Keywords : Historical materialism; History of mentalities; Ways of production; Philosophy of History.